Skip to main content

The unethical nature of government policies on benefits.

A weekly round-up and other observations

A key ingredient of the ethical concept of informed consent is that it should be enabling; the process should be enabling in relation to possible choices. I spend a lot of time discussing this with my students. What is the nature of such a process? What kind of information?  How best can it be given? Who is best placed to give information?  The list of questions is long, but often we fail to consider them. Consent should be a supportive process, not a disengaged one. But also we often forget that information flow should be two ways; it is a dialogue. It isn't simply one expert giving information to the patient. Information given must be relevant to the patient and the decision they might make. It is contextual and patient specific. The patient brings a certain expertise too; they have duties, obligations, hopes, anxieties, commitments, families, friends, loved ones, needs, desires and experience; most important they have circumstances. We should listen as well as tell.

I try to apply this in all walks of life. I am reluctant to tell people how they should live their lives; I certainly don't like making judgements about them and predicating my engagement on those prejudices. I confess it is hard. I don't always succeed. Indeed I am haunted by the knowledge that I don't succeed. We all have them, prejudices. But justice can only be fair if we try to put them aside. Fairness means we should give an equal consideration of interest to others. We should try to be aware of our prejudices.

Prejudice comes often if not entirely from generalisation; from stereotype. It also comes from our own priorities and judgements and this is why I have been cautious about the so-called 'Olympic spirit'; it has the danger of setting up false criteria of 'success'.  I am not at all sure what relevance a highly trained elite athlete crossing the line for a gold medal has for most people other than providing a feel good factor. I can't recall the number of times the Olympics and Paralympics brought tears to my eyes; the joy of witnessing someone whose hard work and dedication has brought them to such achievement. But it would be wrong to assume 1) that all it took was hard work and dedication and 2) that all could have similar achievements if only they would apply themselves. Circumstances again. But what is success and why are we so obsessed with it?

We reward certain types of success more than others.  We tend to equate the accumulation of individual wealth with success. How much we admire the wealthy entrepreneur.  Now I admit that is not so of you  the reader of this post; or me for that matter, although just a little of me does, just a little. I am only being honest. When I meet someone who has set up a business and succeeded I say that is wonderful, well done, what an achievement. What I don't really like is the assumption that everyone could or should do so; that this is the only kind of success we should be concerned with.  Of course it isn't, I hear you say; good then we agree. Oh dear where is all this leading? It leads me to the government and their assumptions in relation to unemployment and poverty; that they are somehow due to an inadequacy on the part of the individuals.  How much we are hearing this expressed in the language chosen.

This attitudinal problem tends to afflict government more in times of economic crisis than any other. As unemployment rises and poverty grows then there is an increasing tendency for government to start blaming those affected.  This government is no exception. They will 'treat' the patient, those suffering from 'welfare dependency' with a good dose of therapy; withdrawal of benefits. This will be beneficial 1) because we know best and 2) it will force them to take up employment and become 'better people' (Mr Ian Duncan-Smith's description).  As 'doctor' to patient they are offering this with choice; either get a job or we will reduce your benefits. I have argued in another post why this approach is unethical because it stigmatises those on benefits as 'work-shy', 'scroungers' or 'welfare dependants'.

But Cameron knows that this stigma works politically. Voters tend to back 'crackdowns' on 'benefit cheats', 'benefit scroungers'.  This is why the tax avoidance issue has become so toxic for him. To crackdown on 'benefit cheats' but to ignore wealthy 'tax dodgers' isn't going down too well.

But the government's approach is unethical in another way.

It is unethical because it fails to understand or take account of circumstances. It is unfair. It fails to listen to the lives of real people with duties, obligations, families, hopes, anxieties, experiences. It is not a dialogue. It is a 'we know best approach' and they will turn a deaf ear to the cries of pain it will produce; they will be blind to the hardship.  It isn't that they don't care. It is that their policies are uncaring. They will argue they are being hard to be kind. As IDS puts it they will 'make people better'.
It was that phrase that made me think of my medical ethics!

Nor is it that there isn't a problem. There are many long term unemployed who would like to get back to work but who are in a financial trap; not only is it difficult to find work but it is difficult to find work that pays sufficiently to compensate for loss of benefits. It is also true that many people have experienced little outside a life on benefits.  But you can't solve that problem simply by  withdrawing benefit in the vain attempt to force people to take poorly paid jobs. We will simply be left with a lot of unemployed people whose families are worse off; driving them deeper into poverty isn't a solution. It will simply increase costs elsewhere in the welfare and health budgets.

If there is a time to apply such tactics it surely isn't during a recession. We are witnessing scenes we haven't seen in Britain since the 1930s as increasing numbers turn to food banks to feed their families. This is a disgrace. Withdrawing benefits should be coupled with polices that stimulate growth and create jobs and policies that enable people to work.  Simply cutting welfare won't work. If we are going to use a stick then at least provide a reasonable carrot.

Comments

  1. Balance governance a rare thing but great you are talking to it . We have same sets of problems and attitude simplifications in public policy in Australia . feel free to post here http://cuttingedgecare.blogspot.com

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Thank you journeymanj I will take a look at your blog.

      Delete

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Ian Duncan-Smith says he wants to make those on benefits 'better people'!

By any account, the government's austerity strategy is utilitarian. It justifies its approach by the presumed potential ends. It's objective is to cut the deficit, but it has also adopted another objective which is specifically targeted. It seeks to drive people off benefits and 'back to work'.  The two together are toxic to the poorest in society. Those least able to cope are the most affected by the cuts in benefits and the loss of services. It is the coupling of these two strategic aims that make their policies ethically questionable. For, by combining the two, slashing the value of benefits to make budget savings while also changing the benefits system, the highest burden falls on a specific group, those dependent on benefits. For the greater good of the majority, a minority group, those on benefits, are being sacrificed; sacrificed on the altar of austerity. And they are being sacrificed in part so that others may be spared. Utilitarian ethics considers the ba

The unethical language of 'welfare dependency'

It is unethical to stigmatise people without foundation. Creating a stereotype, a generalised brand, in order to  demonize a group regardless of the individual and without regard for the potential harm it may do is unfair and prejudicial. It is one reason, and a major one, why racism is unethical; it fails to give a fair consideration of interest to a group of people simply because they are branded in this way. They are not worthy of equal consideration because they are different.  It seeks also to influence the attitudes of others to those stereotyped. If I said 'the Irish are lazy'; you would rightly respond that this is a ridiculous and unfounded stereotype. It brands all Irish on the basis of a prejudice. It is harmful certainly; but it is worse if I intend it to be harmful. If I intend to influence the attitude of others. And so it is with 'the unemployed'. All I need do is substitute 'work-shy' and use it in an injudicious way; to imply that it applies to

Ethical considerations of a National DNA database.

Plans for a national DNA database   will be revealed by the Prime Minister this week. This is the same proposal the Tories and Liberal Democrats opposed when presented by the Blair government because they argued it posed  a threat to civil liberties. This time it is expected to offer an 'opt-out' clause for those who do not wish their data to be stored; exactly how this would operate isn't yet clear. But does it matter and does it really pose a threat to civil liberties? When it comes to biology and ethics we tend to have a distorted view of DNA and genetics. This is for two reasons. The first is that it is thought that our genome somehow represents the individual as a code that then gets translated. This is biologically speaking wrong. DNA is a template and part of the machinery for making proteins. It isn't a code in anything like the sense of being a 'blueprint' or 'book of life'.  Although these metaphors are used often they are just that, metapho